Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

What it is

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder has a hyperactive and impulsive type. Its traits include fidgeting that makes it difficult to sit still in class, leaving the seat inappropriately, talking excessively, and being constantly on the go. The disorder is defined as inattention with hyperactivity or impulsivity, with onset under 12 years, in 2 or more settings, for 6 months or more. It has three types: 1) inattentive; 2) hyperactive or impulsive; 3) combined. It also appears on the list of what prematurity leaves behind: among the neurological complications are periventricular leukomalacia, intraventricular hemorrhage, cerebral palsy, developmental delays, ADHD and learning disabilities.

How it presents

Two clusters of symptoms are looked for.

• The hyperkinetic child: hyperactive, overtalkative, restless, interruptive.
• The inattentive child: forgetful, wondering, distractible, loses his items frequently.

The symptoms must be present in two or more settings. Poor school performance is the usual complaint, and it is what the focused history is built around.